Library reference · Gods

Hodr

/ˈhɔːðər/Old Norse Höðr, masculine name (accusative Höð, genitive Haðar, dative Heði); also Hod, Hoder, Hodur

The short answer

The blind god of the Æsir who killed Baldr. Loki put a shoot of mistletoe in his hand and showed him where to aim. Váli, a son of Odin born to avenge Baldr, killed Höðr in turn, and after Ragnarök Höðr and Baldr return together.

Compiled by VikingsBrandLast reviewed 3 October 20264 cited sourcesCC BY 4.0: free to cite & reuse
Snorri gives Höðr only a few lines in his list of the Æsir. He is blind and very strong, and the gods would rather not have to name him, 'because his handiwork will long be remembered among gods and men'. Snorri's list of poetic names for him in Skáldskaparmál adds 'the blind god', 'Baldr's slayer', 'shooter of the mistletoe', 'Hel's companion' and 'Váli's foe', and calls him a son of Odin, which would make him Baldr's brother; Gylfaginning itself never names his parents. In the surviving texts the blindness is Snorri's detail: Völuspá and Baldrs draumar, the Eddic poems that name Höðr, make him Baldr's killer but never call him blind.
His one scene is Baldr's death (Gylfaginning 49). Frigg had made everything swear not to harm Baldr, and the gods made a game of shooting and striking at him. Höðr stood at the edge of the ring because he was blind. Loki, who had learned from Frigg that the young mistletoe had sworn no oath, came to him with a shoot of it and asked why he was not shooting. Höðr answered that he could not see where Baldr was and had no weapon. Loki told him to honour Baldr as the others did and offered to show him where to aim, and Höðr shot. The shaft went through Baldr and he fell dead. No one could take vengeance there, Snorri says, because the place was a great sanctuary. Völuspá 31–32 tells the same moment in verse: the slender mistletoe became a dangerous shaft of grief, and Höðr shot. In Baldrs draumar 9 a dead seeress tells Odin beforehand that Höðr will be Baldr's bane.
Vengeance came from a son born for it. Völuspá 32–33 says that Baldr's brother was born soon after and fought when one night old; he did not wash his hands or comb his hair until he had brought Baldr's adversary to the pyre. Baldrs draumar 11 names him: Rindr bears Váli in the western halls. Völuspá in skamma, preserved inside Hyndluljóð, says Váli slew his brother's killer, and Snorri's kennings call Váli 'Höðr's foe and slayer'. Gylfaginning itself never tells Höðr's death and moves straight to Loki's punishment. Both brothers come back. Völuspá 62 says Höðr and Baldr will live together in Odin's victory-halls in the new world, and in Gylfaginning 53 the two come from Hel to sit with the surviving gods, talking over their secret lore and the old days of the Midgard Serpent and Fenrir.
The Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus, writing around 1200, tells a separate story in Book 3 of his Gesta Danorum. His Hotherus is a human prince, son of the Swedish king Hothbrodus and foster-son of King Gevarus, whose daughter Nanna he loves. Balderus, a son of Othinus, wants her too; the forest maidens who advise Hotherus warn him that Balderus is a demigod. Hotherus is not blind: Saxo praises him as a swimmer, an archer and a musician. He forces the satyr Mimingus to give up the one sword that can wound Balderus, wins a sea battle against the gods by cutting Thor's club off at the haft, and marries Nanna. Balderus later beats him twice, but Hotherus wounds him in the side on a chance meeting, and Balderus dies three days after. Othinus then fathers Bous on Rinda, and Bous kills Hotherus in battle, dying of his own wounds the next day. The two traditions share the names, the killing and the avenger born to Rind; which is closer to the older myth is debated.

Primary source Verbatim

Því næst hvarf konan á braut, en Loki tók mistiltein ok sleit upp ok gekk til þings. En Höðr stóð útarliga í mannhringnum, því at hann var blindr. Þá mælti Loki við hann: "Hví skýtr þú ekki at Baldri?" Hann svarar: "Því, at ek sé eigi, hvar Baldr er, ok þat annat, at ek em vápnlauss." Þá mælti Loki: "Gerðu þó í líking annarra manna ok veit Baldri sæmð sem aðrir menn. Ek mun vísa þér til, hvar hann stendr. Skjót at honum vendi þessum." Höðr tók mistiltein ok skaut at Baldri at tilvísun Loka. Flaug skotit í gegnum Baldr, ok féll hann dauðr til jarðar, ok hefir þat mest óhapp verit unnit með goðum ok mönnum.

Then the woman went away, and Loki took the mistletoe, pulled it up and went to the assembly. Höðr was standing at the outer edge of the ring of people, because he was blind. Then Loki said to him: 'Why are you not shooting at Baldr?' He answers: 'Because I cannot see where Baldr is, and besides, I have no weapon.' Then Loki said: 'Do as other people do all the same, and show Baldr honour as the others do. I will direct you to where he is standing. Shoot at him with this twig.' Höðr took the mistletoe and shot at Baldr as Loki directed. The shot flew through Baldr, and he fell dead to the ground, and that was the greatest misfortune ever done among gods and men.

GYLFAGINNING, ch. 49 · translation editorial ↗
Manuscript
Codex Regius of Snorra Edda (GKS 2367 4to)
Compiler
Snorri Sturluson
Place & date
Iceland, c. 1220 (manuscript early 14th c.)
Held at
Árni Magnússon Institute, Reykjavík

Etymology

Höðr Old Norse usually explained from höð, 'war, slaughter', a word Cleasby and Vigfusson record only in compound names, related to Old English heaðu- in poetic compounds; on that explanation the god's name means roughly 'warrior'
mistilteinn Old Norse 'mistletoe', from a first element matching Old English mistel, 'mistletoe', and teinn, 'twig, shoot'; the same compound as Old English misteltān, the source of English mistletoe

The same element is usually seen in the name Höðbroddr, borne by a king in Völsunga saga and, in Latin form as Hothbrodus, by the father of Saxo's Hotherus. The link between the god's name and höð is the usual explanation, not a proven one.

Common misconceptions

Common claim What the record says
“Hodr killed Baldr out of malice; he is an evil god.” No Old Norse source gives Höðr a motive. In Snorri the gods are shooting at Baldr as a game and an honour, since nothing can harm him. Höðr stands apart because he is blind, says he cannot see Baldr and has no weapon, and shoots only when Loki hands him the mistletoe and directs his aim. Snorri still calls it the greatest misfortune among gods and men, Völuspá calls Höðr Baldr's adversary, and he is killed for the deed. Saxo's Hotherus does fight Balderus on purpose, over Nanna, but he is a human prince in a different story.
“Hodr was Loki's accomplice in the plot against Baldr.” No source says Höðr knew what the mistletoe was. Loki learns about it alone, from Frigg, while disguised as a woman, and only then goes to Höðr. Snorri treats Loki as the one who caused Baldr's death and has him bound for it, and in Lokasenna 28 Loki boasts to Frigg that he arranged it. Höðr is punished separately, by Váli.
“Hodr is the Norse god of darkness or of winter.” None of the medieval sources gives Höðr a domain. Snorri says only that he is blind and very strong. Readings that set blind Höðr against shining Baldr as darkness against light, or winter against summer, are modern interpretations, not anything the sources state.

Frequently asked questions

Who is Hodr in Norse mythology?
A blind god, one of the Aesir, who killed Baldr. Loki put a shoot of mistletoe in his hand and showed him where to aim. Snorri says the gods would rather not have to name him, because his deed will long be remembered.
Why did Hodr kill Baldr?
In Snorri's telling he did not mean to. Frigg had made everything swear not to harm Baldr, so the gods shot at him for sport. Hodr stood apart because he was blind and had no weapon. Loki gave him the mistletoe, the one thing that had sworn no oath, and pointed his aim. No Old Norse source gives Hodr a motive of his own.
Was Hodr blind?
Yes, in Snorri's Edda, which calls him blind in Gylfaginning and lists 'the blind god' among his poetic names. The Eddic poems Voluspa and Baldrs draumar name Hodr as Baldr's killer but never mention blindness, and in Saxo's Danish history Hotherus is not blind: Saxo praises him as an archer and a swimmer.
What happened to Hodr after he killed Baldr?
He was killed in revenge by Vali, a son of Odin and Rind born for that purpose. In Baldrs draumar a seeress foretells that Vali will fight when one night old and will not wash his hands or comb his hair until he has brought Baldr's adversary to the pyre. Voluspa tells the same of an unnamed brother of Baldr.
Does Hodr return after Ragnarok?
Yes. Voluspa says Hodr and Baldr will live together in Odin's victory-halls in the new world. Snorri adds that they come from Hel to join the surviving gods where Asgard once stood, and talk over the old days of Jormungandr and Fenrir.
Is Hodr the same as Hotherus in Saxo Grammaticus?
They share a name, but Saxo tells a different story. His Hotherus is a human prince who competes with Balderus, a demigod son of Odin, for Nanna. He wins the one sword that could wound Balderus, defeats the gods at sea by cutting off the haft of Thor's club, and later gives Balderus a fatal wound in the side. He is not blind, and neither Loki nor the mistletoe appears.

Bibliography

  1. 1. Snorri Sturluson, Edda (Gylfaginning 28, 49, 50 and 53; Skáldskaparmál 12 and 13 in Faulkes' numbering, 19 and 20 in the heimskringla.no text), c. 1220. Ed. Anthony Faulkes, Viking Society for Northern Research, 1998 and 2005; trans. Anthony Faulkes, Everyman, 1987. heimskringla.no ↗
  2. 2. The Poetic Edda (Völuspá 31–33 and 62; Lokasenna 28), Codex Regius, GKS 2365 4to, c. 1270; Baldrs draumar 8–11 in AM 748 I a 4to; Völuspá in skamma 1 (Hyndluljóð 29 in Bugge's numbering), within Hyndluljóð in Flateyjarbók. Text ed. Guðni Jónsson; trans. Carolyne Larrington, rev. ed., Oxford World's Classics, 2014. handrit.is ↗
  3. 3. Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, Book III, c. 1200. Ed. Karsten Friis-Jensen, trans. Peter Fisher, Oxford Medieval Texts, 2015; also trans. Oliver Elton, 1894. la.wikisource.org ↗
  4. 4. Richard Cleasby and Gudbrand Vigfusson, An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford, 1874, s.v. 'höð' and 'Höðr'.

Cite this entry

VikingsBrand. “Hodr.” VikingsBrand Library, reviewed 3 October 2026, vikingsbrand.co/pages/library/hodr.